![]() Cerebrospinal fluid can be collected in ample amounts from this site, for analysis. Cisternal myelography-injection made between the back of the skull and the arch of C1 into the cisterna magna. ![]() Contrast is injected via either the cisternal or the lumbar route:ġ. Seizures occasionally occur on recovery, especially if contrast medium has entered the skull. General anaesthesia is essential and the technique should be performed under aseptic conditions. Opacification of the subarachnoid space using non-ionic, low osmolarity, water-soluble iodinated contrast media at about 300 mg iodine/ml (e.g., iopamidol, NIOPAM iohexol, OMNIPAQUE). Areas of cord swelling or compression can then be identified. In medium and large dogs where the thickness of the tissue to be radiographed exceeds 10cm a grid is needed to reduce the effects of scattered radiation.Ĭontrast techniques may be used to outline the spinal cord and cauda equina, which are not visible on plain radiographs. Good centring and collimation of the X-ray beam will ensure that geometric distortion is minimal and will reduce the amount of scattered radiation produced. However, in the traumatised patient in which vertebral instability may be present, the abolition of protective muscle spasm by anaesthesia may be dangerous and so survey lateral radiographs with the patient conscious should be taken first.ĭue to the divergence of the primary X-ray beam and the importance of imaging the intervertebral disc spaces, the spine should be radiographed in short segments, using radiolucent foam wedges to make sure that it is aligned parallel to the table top. Paraparesis, hemiparesis or tetraparesis/plegiaĬareful positioning is essential for most radiographic studies of the spine, and this necessitates the use of heavy sedation or general anaesthesia. Books & VINcyclopedia of Diseases (Formerly Associate). ![]() VINcyclopedia of Diseases (Formerly Associate). ![]()
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